United Nations Contribution to the World?
peace and security
Maintaining peace and security: Over the past six decades, the United Nations has been able to establish peace by sending peace and observer missions to distressed sites around the world, helping many countries recover from conflict.
Preventing the spread of nuclear weapons: For more than five decades, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has served as the world's nuclear watchdog. IAEA experts work to verify that safe nuclear materials are being used only for peaceful purposes. The agency has so far signed security agreements with more than 180 nations.
Support for disarmament: UN treaties are the legal basis for disarmament efforts:
Chemical Weapons Convention-1997, it is ratified by 190 nations.
Mine-Ban Convention-1997-162 ratified by nations.
Arms Trade Treaty-2014, ratified by 69 nations.
At the local level, UN peacekeepers often work to implement disarmament agreements between the warring parties.
Preventing Genocide: The United Nations established the first treaty against genocide committed with the intention of destroying any national, ethnic, racial or religious group.
The Genocide Convention 1948, ratified by 146 nations, is committed to preventing genocide in war and in peace and to punish for genocide. The United Nations Tribunal for Yugoslavia and Rwanda, as well as the United Nations-backed Court of Justice in Cambodia, warned genocide perpetrators over the fact that such crimes would not be tolerated.
Economic Development
Promoting Development: Since 2000, the Millennium Development Goals have been led by the Millennium Development Goals to raise standards of living and human skills and potential across the globe.
There are more than 4,800 projects supported by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to reduce poverty, promote good governance, solve crises and protect the environment.
The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) works in more than 150 countries, mainly in the areas of child protection, immunization, girls' education and emergency assistance.
The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) helps developing countries to make the most of trade opportunities.
The World Bank provides loans and grants to developing countries and has funded more than 12,000 projects in more than 170 countries since 1947.
Reducing poverty in rural areas: The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) provides low-interest loans and grants to poor rural people.
Focusing on African development: Africa remains a high priority for the United Nations. Africa receives 36 percent of its development expenditure from the United Nations system, which is the highest among all regions of the world. All UN agencies have special programs for the benefit of Africa.
Promoting Women's Welfare: UN Women is a United Nations organization dedicated to gender equality and the empowerment of women.
Tackling Hunger: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations is striving to end hunger. FAO helps developing countries modernize and improve agricultural, forestry and fisheries practices to improve nutrition and conserve natural resources.
Commitment to Child Welfare: UNICEF has taken a leading role in providing vaccines and other necessary assistance to children affected by armed conflict. In 1989, the Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted globally by the United Nations.
Tourism: The World Tourism Organization is the United Nations agency for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism.
The Global Code of Conduct for Tourism seeks to maximize the benefits while minimizing the negative impacts of tourism.
Global Think Tank: The United Nations is at the forefront of research that seeks to solve global problems.
The United Nations Population Division is a major source of information and research on global population trends, providing demographic projections.
The United Nations Statistics Division is the center of the global statistical system, which collects and disseminates global economic, demographic, social, gender, environmental and energy data.
The United Nations Development Program's annual Human Development Report provides an independent, empirically grounded analysis of key development issues, trends and policies, including the Human Development Index.
The United Nations World Economic and Social Survey, the World Bank's World Development Report, the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook and other studies help policy makers make informed decisions.
Social development
Protection of Historical, Cultural, Architectural and Natural Sites: UNESCO has assisted 137 countries to protect ancient monuments and historical, cultural and natural sites.
It has arranged international conventions for the protection of cultural assets, cultural diversity and outstanding cultural and natural sites. More than 1,000 such sites have been designated as World Heritage Sites of Exceptional Universal Value.
Leading Global Issues:
The First United Nations Environment Conference (Stockholm, 1972) helped to alert world public opinion of the dangers to our planet, leading to rapid action by governments.
Women's rights, equality and progress were placed on the global agenda at the first United Nations World Conference on Women (Mexico City, 1985).
Other historic events include the First International Human Rights Conference (Tehran, 1968), the First World Population Conference (Bucharest, 1974) and the First World Climate Conference (Geneva, 1979).
These events fueled global action by bringing together activists and experts and policymakers from all over the world.
Also regular follow-up conferences have helped maintain this momentum.
Human rights
In 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
It has helped implement dozens of legally binding agreements on political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights.
UN human rights bodies have focused the world's attention on torture, disappearances, illegal arrests and other violations.
Promoting Democracy: The United Nations promotes and strengthens democratic institutions and their functions around the world, as well as helping people of many countries to participate in free and fair elections.
In the 1990s, the United Nations organized or observed historic elections in Cambodia, El Salvador, South Africa, Mozambique and Timor-Leste.
Recently, the United Nations has provided significant assistance in elections held in Afghanistan, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, Nepal, Sierra Leone and Sudan.
Ending apartheid in South Africa: The United Nations was a major factor in the fall of the apartheid system by implementing a variety of measures ranging from an arms embargo.
Elections held in 1994, in which all South Africans were allowed to participate on an equal basis, led to the establishment of a multi-ethnic government.
Promoting women's rights: The United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, 1979 ratified by 189 countries, has helped promote women's rights around the world.
Environment
Climate change is a global problem that demands solutions on a global scale. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which brings together 2,000 leading climate change scientists, releases comprehensive scientific assessments every five or six years.
IPCC was established in 1988 under the joint auspices of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization, with the objective of providing relevant scientific, technical and socio-economic information to build an understanding of human-induced climate change risks. was to be assessed.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) provides the basis for agreements for UN members to reduce emissions, a major contributor to climate change, and to help countries achieve their ability to adapt to the effects of climate change (UNFCCC-1992) . It is an international environmental treaty that was signed and adopted in the year 1992 at the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
The Global Environment Facility that brings together 10 United Nations agencies provides funding to projects in developing countries.
Protection of the Ozone Layer: UNEP and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) play an important role in shedding light on the damage done to the Earth's ozone layer.
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer - 1985 provided the necessary framework for the adoption of regulatory measures for international reductions in the production of chlorofluorocarbons. The convention provided the basis for the Montreal Protocol.
The Montreal Protocol–1987 is an international environmental agreement that seeks to stop the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons to protect the Earth's ozone layer.
Kigali Amendment (in Montreal Protocol) 2016: It was adopted to reduce the production and consumption of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) all over the world.
Ban on Harmful Chemicals: Stockholm Convention on Permanent Organic Pollutants, 2001 which seeks to rid the world of some of the most dangerous chemicals ever created.
International law
Prosecution of war criminals: United Nations tribunals formerly established for Yugoslavia and Rwanda by the trial and conviction of war criminals helped to expand international humanitarian and international criminal law to deal with genocide and other violations of international law Is.
The International Criminal Court is an independent permanent court that investigates and prosecutes persons accused of serious international crimes—genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes—if the national authority is unwilling or unable to do so.
Helpful in resolving major international disputes: By providing adjudication and advice, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) helps settle international disputes relating to territorial disputes, maritime boundaries, diplomatic relations, state responsibilities, and military use Is.
Stability and Order in the World's Oceans:
The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which has gained almost universal acceptance, provides the legal framework for all activities in the oceans and seas.
It also includes a mechanism for settling disputes.
Combating International Crime: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) works with countries and organizations to combat international organized crime by providing legal and technical assistance against corruption, money-laundering, drug trafficking and migrant trafficking as well as strengthening the criminal justice system.
It has played a key role in mediating and implementing relevant international treaties, such as the United Nations Convention against Corruption-2005 and the United Nations Convention against International Organized Crime-2003.
It works to reduce the supply and demand for illicit drugs under three main United Nations Conventions on Drug Control:
Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 (revised in 1972).
Convention on Psychotropic Substances-1971.
and the United Nations Convention against the Illegal Trade in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, 1988.
Encouraging creativity and innovation: The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) promotes the protection of intellectual property rights and ensures that all countries benefit from an effective intellectual property system.
Human affairs
Assisting Refugees: Refugees fleeing persecution, violence and war were supported by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
UNHCR seeks long-term or "permanent" solutions by helping refugees repatriate to their original countries, deport them to the country of asylum or to other countries, if conditions permit.
Refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons, mostly women and children, are receiving food, shelter, medical aid, education and repatriation assistance from the United Nations.
Aid to Palestinian Refugees: The United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) is a relief and human development agency that has helped Palestinian refugees for four generations with education, health care, social services, microfinance and emergency assistance Is.
Mitigating the Effects of Natural Disasters: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has helped millions of people cope with the effects of natural and man-made disasters.
Its early warning system includes thousands of surface monitors as well as satellites,
This has enabled prediction of meteorological disasters with greater accuracy.
Provided information on oil spills and chemical and nuclear spills and predicted prolonged drought.
Providing food to the needy: The World Food Program (WFP) is fighting hunger around the world, providing food assistance in emergencies and working with communities to improve nutrition.
Health
Promoting Reproductive and Maternal Health: The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is promoting the rights of individuals to make decisions about the number and spacing of their children through voluntary family planning programs.
Reaction to HIV/AIDS:
The United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) coordinates a global action against the pandemic that affects approximately 35 million people.
Eliminating Polio: As a result of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, poliomyelitis has been eradicated from the three countries namely Afghanistan, Nigeria and Pakistan.
Smallpox Eradication: Smallpox has been officially eradicated from the whole world in the year 1980 as a result of 13 years of effort by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Dealing with tropical diseases:
The WHO Program - Onchocerciasis Control African Program has reduced river blindness (onchocerciasis) levels in 10 West African countries, while providing 25 million hectares of fertile land for agriculture.
Guinea-worm disease is on the verge of eradication.
Schistosomiasis and sleeping sickness are now under control.
Preventing the spread of epidemics:
Other major diseases for which WHO is leading the global response include Ebola, meningitis, yellow fever, cholera and influenza, among others, avian influenza.