What is the melting point called?
Melting Point - A temperature at which a solid melts and turns into a liquid, the temperature at which a solid substance melts and turns into a liquid state, that temperature is called the melting point of that substance.
When a solid material is heated, the kinetic energy of the particles of this solid substance increases, and due to the increase in the kinetic energy of the particles of the solid, these particles start vibrating with a lot of speed.
Due to heat, the particles of the solid get energy due to which they overcome the force of attraction found between the particles of the solid and try to move far away and due to this the particles of solid matter leave their fixed position. Starts to move freely and moves far away.
Generally, there is a very small distance between the particles of solid matter, that is, the particles start being located close together, but due to heating, when these particles start to vibrate, then the distance between the particles of the solid material also increases.
The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it melts from its solid state to a liquid state. The solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium at the melting point. When the state of a substance changes from liquid to solid state, the temperature at which it occurs is called the freezing point.
What is the melting point of ice :-
The melting point of ice is 0⁰C at atmospheric pressure. Ice starts converting into water at this temperature, so the melting point of ice is 0⁰C.
Melting:- The particles in solids are closely related and the intermolecular force between them is very high. In solids, particles vibrate both of their fixed positions and of smaller amplitude.
When solids are heated. That is, when heated, the kinetic energy of its particles increases. And they start vibrating with a bigger amplitude. On heating them continuously, their kinetic energy at a certain point increases so much. That
They cross their intermolecular force and become independent from each other. In this state the solid starts to change into liquid. The change of solid state into liquid state at constant temperature is called melting of solid.
Effect of pressure on melting point:
The effect of pressure on melting point is as
Those substances which compress on melting (eg - water, rubber etc.) For them the melting point decreases on increasing the pressure, the reason for this is that pressure helps in contraction, hence it is also helpful in melting.
Generally, most substances expand upon melting (like wax, sulphur etc.), the increase in pressure opposes the melting of such substances. Hence the melting point increases.
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